Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a laboratory procedure that is used to visualize specific proteins in cells of a tissue section. The Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (BHCG) test is a specialized IHC test that helps detect the presence of BHCG protein, often in relation to pregnancy and certain types of cancer.
BHCG is a hormone produced by cells in the placenta during pregnancy. Blood levels of BHCG are often used as a marker for pregnancy, but the protein can also be found in certain types of cancer. When found in cancer, it's usually a sign that the cancer cells are reproducing.
This test is particularly important because it can assist in the diagnosis and management of trophoblastic tumors, germ cell tumors, and testicular cancer. It is also significant for the evaluation of intrauterine or ectopic pregnancies in pathology specimens.
Test NameIHC – BHCG
Sample TypeTissue
Preparations RequiredNone
Report Time3 days
Why is the IHC - BHCG test performed?
The IHC-BHCG test is primarily performed to confirm a diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic disease, germ cell tumors, or testicular cancer. It is also sometimes used to evaluate the tissue in cases of abnormal pregnancies, such as ectopic pregnancies or molar pregnancies.
What does the test measure?
The IHC-BHCG test detects and visualizes the BHCG protein in tissue samples. It can indicate whether the tissue is from a normal placenta, a trophoblastic tumor, a germ cell tumor, or another kind of cancer that produces BHCG.
Home Sample Collection Process
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Book your convenient slot
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Sample Collection by Phlebotomist
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Reporting of the sample at lab
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Frequently Asked Questions
No, there is no need to fast before this test as it uses tissue samples, usually from a biopsy, rather than blood samples.
The sample for this test is obtained through a biopsy. A small piece of tissue is removed from the relevant area and sent to a lab, where it is prepared and analyzed under a microscope for the presence of BHCG.
The results are generally available within 3 to 5 days. However, the timeline may vary depending on the laboratory.
Positive staining for BHCG in the tissue indicates the presence of the hormone, which could be a sign of pregnancy or certain types of cancer. Negative results mean that the BHCG protein was not detected in the tissue sample.
In normal placental tissue during pregnancy, BHCG is usually present. In non-pregnant individuals and normal tissues, BHCG is usually not present.
There are no specific precautions for the patient as this test is performed on tissue samples.
Yes, pregnancy is a major factor that can increase levels of BHCG in tissue. Certain types of tumors can also produce BHCG.
This test is not done routinely and is only performed when there is a specific clinical suspicion of a condition that could be associated with BHCG.
You should consult an oncologist if the test was done in the context of cancer, or a gynecologist if it was done in relation to a pregnancy complication.
No, this test cannot be done at home as it requires a tissue biopsy that needs to be performed in a healthcare setting.
The pain experienced during this test depends on the site of the biopsy. While discomfort or pain may be experienced during the procedure, it is usually brief and manageable.
High levels of BHCG in non-pregnant conditions could be indicative of a tumor or cancer, particularly germ cell tumors and testicular cancer. You should follow up with your doctor to discuss the results and plan the next steps.
The risks associated with the BHCG test relate mainly to the biopsy procedure, such as infection, bleeding, or an adverse reaction to anesthesia.
Since the BHCG test is an analysis of a tissue sample, it does not have side effects itself. However, the process of obtaining the biopsy may have some risks, including pain, bleeding, bruising, or infection at the site of the biopsy.
Yes, the BHCG test can help differentiate between types of cancers, especially in differentiating gestational trophoblastic disease from germ cell tumors, as well as some forms of testicular cancer.
No, the results of the IHC-BHCG test are not typically influenced by the age or gender of the individual. However, pregnancy, certain medications, or specific medical conditions can influence the result.
If your results are normal but you're still experiencing symptoms, you should continue to follow up with your doctor. There might be other underlying conditions that are causing your symptoms which need further investigation.
In conclusion, the IHC-BHCG test is a valuable tool in diagnosing and managing a variety of conditions from pregnancy complications to certain types of cancer. It is always important to consult your healthcare provider for interpretation of your test results and guidance on the steps to take afterwards. Your health is of utmost importance, and understanding the implications of these tests forms an integral part of your healthcare journey.
